T. Klein, M. Hansson, N. Navab Modeling of Multi-View 3D Freehand Radio Frequency Ultrasound Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Interventions (MICCAI), Nice, France, October 2012 (bib)
	Nowadays ultrasound (US) examinations are performed mostly with conventional machines providing two dimensional imagery. However, there exist a multitude of applications where doctors could benefit from three dimensional ultrasound providing better judgment, due to the extended spatial view. 3D freehand US allows acquisition of images by means of a tracking device attached to the ultrasound transducer. Unfortunately, view dependency makes the 3D representation of ultrasound a non-trivial task. Unlike traditional freehand systems that use B-mode data, we acquire unprocessed envelope-detected radio frequency (RF) data in order to take full advantage of speckle statistics of US. Speckle statistics are modeled using a finite mixture model (FMM), assuming a parametric representation of data, in which the multiple views are treated as components of the FMM. The proposed model is show-cased with registration, using an ultrasound specific distribution based pseudo-distance, and reconstruction tasks, performed on the manifold of Gamma model parameters. Example field of application is neurology using transcranial US, as this domain requires high accuracy and data systematically features low SNR, making intensity based registration difficult. In particular, 3D US can be specifically used to improve differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) compared to conventional approaches and is therefore of high relevance for future application.
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