NarvisLab

Please check out the new NARVIS website

The NARVIS lab is our research laboratory at Chirurgischen Klinik und Poliklinik - Innenstadt, LMU München providing an interdisciplinary platform for our research activities. Since 2004, a strong collaboration between surgeons and computer scientists has been established and resulted in a large number of international publications and various research projects. Main topic of projects running at NARVIS lab addresses medical applications for Augmented Reality Technologies. The two main research interests at NARVIS lab are the Camera Augmented Mobile C-arm and different projects for in-situ visualization using a stereo video see-through head mounted display.

Getting There

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik - Innenstadt, AG CAS
Nussbaumstr. 20
80336 München
Room: C2.06
Tel.: +49 89 44005-4368
Fax: +49 89 44005-3630

There is very limited payed parking available and no free parking at all. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to use public transport.

Getting There By Train (from Hauptbahnhof by foot)
If you come to Munich by train, you do not even need to use public transport. The hospital is within walking distance (10min) from the central station:

When reaching the end of tracks, head right to the south exit of the station.

After leaving the station, cross Bayerstr. and continue southwards on Goethestr.

After approx. 500m, turn left on Nussbaumstr.

Cross Schillerstr. and continue on Nussbaumstr.

After approx. 100m you will reach the main entrance of Chirurgische Klinik on the left side.

After entering the building use the staircase on the left side. At the staircase you will find signs leading you to the lab.

Inside the building look for Station 3, which is on the second floor. In the same floor, on the opposite side of Station 3, you'll find our room C2.06.

By Public Transport / from the airport

Use subway lines U1, U2, U3, or U6 to Sendlinger Tor.

When you come from the airport you can change to U1/U2 at Central Station or to U3/U6 at Marienplatz

Exit the station to Nussbaumstr.

Walk along Nussbaumstr.

After approx. 500m you will reach the main entrance of Chirurgische Klinik on the right side.

After entering the building use the staircase on the left side. At the staircase you will find signs leading you to the lab.

Inside the building look for Station 3, which is on the second floor. In the same floor,on the opposite side of Station 3, you'll find our room C2.06.

After you entered the building, turn left, and go towards the staircase at the end of the entrance hall. From here, the way to the Narvis lab is marked by signs. You can also ask the desk officer at the entrance desk ("Pforte") at Chirurgische Klinik, Nussbaumstr. 20 to call us (4368). We will then pick you up there.

Größere Kartenansicht

Photos

Downloads

Internal Website

If you are working at NARVIS Lab and if you need access to the infrastructure such as internet, keys, phone numbers here is the place to get information.

Publications about Research Activities at NARVIS lab

CAMP Research Projects @ NARVIS

NARVIS - navigated augmented reality visualization system

Advanced visualization is getting increasingly important for the operation room of the future. The increasing number of available medical images must be presented to surgery team in new ways in order to support them rather than overloading with more information. In our project NARVIS we integrate an HMD-based (head mounted display) AR system into the operation room for 3D in situ visualization of computed tomography (CT) images. The final system aims at spinal surgery. The work is in close collaboration with our project partners “Klinikum für Unfallchirgie” at LMU, A.R.T. Weilheim, and Siemens Corporate Research in Princeton. The project is funded by Bayerische Forschungsstiftung.

Augmented Reality Magic Mirror using the Kinect

The Microsoft Kinect provides a color and a depth image. Using OpenNI^? and PrimeSense^? NITE we can get the skeleton of a person standing in front of the Kinect in real-time. We register a CT dataset to this skeleton and do an Augmented Reality overlay of the CT and the person. Using context and focus visualization we only show the CT through a virtual window, while still showing the person. The Kinect is positioned next to a big screen. When standing in front of the system, the system acts like a magic mirror that allows seeing inside yourself. Such a system can be used for educational purposes to teach anatomy. The system is currently a prototype. It does not show the CT of the person in front of the monitor, but a CT of another person. We use the Visible Korean Human dataset that has been provided to us by Prof. Min Suk Chung.

ARAV Augmented Reality Aided Vertebroplasty

In today’s ORs more and more operations are performed employing minimally invasive procedures. Surgical instruments are inserted through a tiny cut on the patient’s skin, the port to the inside of the patient. In some cases endoscope cameras record video images of the operation site that are presented on a monitor. As a consequence of this technique, the surgeon’s field of view is divided into several work spaces, the monitor, the patient and information of medical imaging data presented on a third station. The missing direct view on the workspace complicates intuitive control of surgical tools. In contrast to open surgery the physician has to collect information from several fields of view at the same time and fuse information mentally to create a complete model of his working space, the operation site. The minimally invasive intervention vertebroplasty was determined as a suitable medical application to bring an Head Mounted Display (HMD) into the OR for augmentation of surgical instruments and medical imaging data. In-situ visualization with an HMD presents all available imaging data and navigational information in one field of view. The objective of vertebroplasty is the insertion of cement into weak and brittle vertebrae through a trocar for stabilization. In this case the view on the inside of the patient is not provided by an endoscope camera. However, since the operation is performed under a CT scanner, imaging data is permanently updated to check position of the trocar and amount of inserted cement. Imaging data is presented on a monitor and has to be mapped mentally by the surgeon on the real operation site.

Improving Depth Perception and Perception of Layout for In-Situ Visualization in Medical Augmented Reality

In-situ visualization in medical augmented reality (AR) using for instance a video see-through head mounted display (HMD) and an optical tracking system enables the stereoscopic view on visualized CT data registered with the real anatomy of a patient. Data can aligned with the required accuracy and the surgeons do not have to analyze data on an external monitor or images attached to the wall somewhere in the operating room. Thanks to a medical AR system like mentioned before, surgeons get a direct view onto and also ”into” the patient. Mental registration of medical imagery with the operation site is not necessary anymore. In addition surgical instruments can be augmented inside the human body. Bringing medical imagery and surgical instruments in the same field of action provides the most intuitive way to understand the patient’s anatomy within the region of interest and allows for the development of completely new generations of surgical navigation systems.
Unfortunately, this method of presenting medical data suffers from a serious lack. Virtual imagery, such as a volume rendered spinal column, can only be displayed superimposed on real objects. If virtual entities of the scene are expected behind real ones, like the virtual spinal column beneath the real skin surface, this problem implicates incorrect perception of the viewed objects respective their distance to the observer. The strong visual depth cue interposition is responsible for misleading depth perception. This project aims at the development and evaluation of methods to improve depth perception for in-situ visualization in medical AR. Its intention is to provide an extended view onto the human body that allows an intuitive localization of visualized bones and tissue.

Virtual Mirror: Interaction Paradigm for Augmented Reality Applications

Augmented Reality offers a higher degree of freedom for the programmer than classical visualization of volume data on a screen. The existing paradigms for interaction with 3D objects are not satisfactory for particular applications since the majority of them rotate and move the object of interest. The classic manipulation of virtual objects cannot be used while keeping real and virtual spaces in alignment within an AR environment. This project introduces a simple and efficient interaction paradigm allowing the users to interact with 3D objects and visualize them from arbitrary viewpoints without disturbing the in-situ visualization, or requiring the user to change the viewpoint. We present a virtual, tangible mirror as a new paradigm for interaction with 3D models. The concept borrows its visualization paradigm in some sense from methodology used by dentists to examine the oral cavity without constantly changing their own viewpoint or moving the patients head. The virtual mirror improves the understanding of complex structures, enables completely new concepts to support navigational aid for different tasks and provides the user with intuitive views on physically restricted areas.

Surgical Workflow Analysis in Laparoscopy for Monitoring and Documentation

Surgical workflow recovery is a crucial step towards the development of intelligent support systems in surgical environments. The objective of the project is to create a system which is able to recognize automatically the current steps of a surgical laparoscopic procedure using a set of signals recorded from the OR. The project adresses several issues such as the simultaneous recordings of various signals within the OR, the design of methods and algorithms for processing and interpreting the information, and finally the development of a convenient user interface to display context sensitive information inside the OR. The current clinical focus is on laparoscopic cholecystectomies but the concepts developed in the project also apply to laparoscopic surgeries of other kinds.

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[[][Bio-Innovation: From clinical needs to solution concepts]]

Learn how to successfully identify unmet clinical needs within the clinical routine and work towards possible and realistic solutions to solve those needs. Students will get to know tools helping them to be successful innovators in medical technology. This will include all steps from needs finding and selection to defining appropriate solution concepts, including the development of first prototypes. Get introduced to necessary steps for successful idea and concept creation and realize your project in an interdisciplinary teams comprising of physicists, informations scientists and business majors. During the project phase, you are supported by coaches from both industry and medicine, in order to allow for direct and continuous exchange.

Reconstruction and Registration of Histology and Phase Contrast Images for Clinical Validation of Imaging Modalities

Before its introduction into the hospital, a new imaging modality has to be validated. In other words, appearing structures need to be correlated to the imaged tissues. Such a cross validation is only meaningful when performed against the gold standard which is histology. Currently, cross validation is performed by qualitative comparison of 3D datasets to 2D histology slices. Since the acquisition of a consistent 3D histology volume is a challenging task, its comparison to the corresponding dataset always remained qualitative.

The classic histology procedure can be divided in four steps: pre processing, cutting, post processing and imaging of the tissues. In the first step, the sample is chemically processed to preserve the tissues and is then embedded in a paraffin block. By using a microtome, it is cut in very thin slices, and put on a glass slide. During post processing the sample is stained to enhance the structures of interest. The imaging is performed with a camera mounted in a microscope, or with a dedicated scanner. Several difficulties inherent to this process can have a dramatic influence on the quality of the reconstructed histology volume. For instance, since the cutting process is done manually, problems like flipping, bending or ripping of the slides may happen. If the knife starts to wear off, some banding will appear over the slices. Moreover, a few slices could be missing. Finally since the staining color is time dependent, variation in the color of the slices can occur.

In this project, we propose to improve the histology procedure and to develop methods towards a consistent reconstruction of 3D histology volumes.

Research Group: Assessment and Training of Medical Expert with Objective Standards (ATMEOS)

In highly dynamic and complex high-risk domains - such as surgery - systematic training in the relevant skills is the basis for safe and high-quality performance. Traditionally, assessment and training in surgery traditionally concentrated upon proficiency and acquisition of surgeons' technical skills. As the fundamental impact of non-technical skills - such as communication and coordination - is increasingly acknowledged for safe delivery of surgeries comprehensive training approaches are missing. The overall aim of the project is to investigate a novel learning environment for the assessment and training of both technical and non-technical skills of entire multidisciplinary operating room (OR) teams.

Assessment of Fluid Tissue Interaction Using Multi-Modal Image Fusion for Characterization and Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis

Coronary artery diseases such as atherosclerosis are the leading cause of death in the industrialized world. In this project, we develop computational tools for segmentation and registration problems on intravascular images including IVUS (Intravascular Ultrasound) and OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography). One sample component of this project is Automatic Stent Implant Follow-up from Intravascular OCT Pullbacks. The stents are automatically detected and their distribution is analyzed for monitoring of the stents: their malpositioning and/or tissue growth over stent struts.

Motion Compensation for Catheterizations

In many minimally-invasive interventions, catheters are inserted into the body and guided to a region of interest with the help of fluoroscopic imaging (low-dose X-ray image sequences). Due to patient motion, the navigation can be disturbed, and the physician needs a longer time for treatment. This is hazardous in terms of radiation for both, physician and patient. In order to overcome these problems, suitable image-based compensation methods to resolve (non-) rigid motion can be applied. In this project, patient motion is analyzed and suitable compensation algorithms are developed.

MeTaTop A Multi Sensory Table Top System for Medical Procedures

A tabletop system in medical environments can be used for interactive and collaborative analysis of patient data but also as a multimedia user interface within sterile space. For preoperative planning physicians in charge with a particular patient meet to discuss the medical case and plan further steps for therapy. For this reason, they could collaboratively view and browse through all kind of available medical imaging data with the tabletop system. Alternatively such a system could be a central interaction device for all kind of equippment within the OR requiring user input, however, can not be operated by the sterile surgeon. We believe that the projection of all kind of user and information interfaces on a sterile glass plane would facilitate the clinical workflow.
This project is strongly related to the Tangible Interaction Surface for Collaboration between Humans project.

Endovascular Stenting of Aortic Aneurysms

Endovascular stenting is a minimally invasive treatment technique for aortic aneurysms or dissections. Thereby, a certain aortic prosthesis (stent graft) is placed inside the aortic aneurysm in order to prevent a life-threatening rupture of the aortic wall. Prior to the intervention, a computed tomography angiography (CTA) is acquired on which the surgical staff can measure the parameter of the desired stent graft and finalize the intervention workflow. The entire interventional catheter navigation is done under 2D angiography imaging where the physician is missing the important 3D information. The purpose of our project is two-fold:
1. In the planning phase, a modified graph cuts algorithm automatically segments the aorta and aneurysm, so the surgical staff can choose an appropriate type of stent to match the segmented location, length, and diameter of the aneurysm and aorta. By visualizing the defined stent graft next to the three-dimensionally reconstructed aneurysm, mismeasurements can be detected in an early stage. Our main goal is the creation of an interactive simulation system that predicts the behaviour of the aortic wall and the movement of the implanted stent graft.
2. During implantation of the stent graft, after an intensity based registration of CTA and angiography data, the current navigation can be visualized in the 3D CT data set at any time. This includes solutions for electro-magnetic tracking of catheters as well as guide wires and stent grafts. Eventually, Our main goal is the creation of solutions that enable the surgeon to enhance the accuracy of the navigation and positioning, along with a minimum use of angiography, leading to less radiation exposure and less contrast agent injection.

Simulated Ultrasound

We are simulating Ultrasound images from CT volumes by assuming a correlation between Hounsfield units and acoustic impedance. Rays are cast trough the CT volume to simulate the US image formation. Simulated Ultrasound from CT can be used for CT/Ultrasound registration by comparing a real US image to simulated ones. Another application of simulated US is training.

Camera Augmented Mobile C-arm ( CamC )

Mobile C-arms are an everyday tool to acquire X-ray images in the operating room during surgery. The Camera Augmented Mobile C-arm (CamC) system augments a regular mobile C-arm by a video camera for X-ray and video image overlay. Thanks to the mirror construction and one time calibration of the device, the acquired X-ray images are co-registered with the video images without any further calibration or registration during the intervention. The CamC system can support a wide range of potential clinical applications, such as needle guidance, interlocking of intramedullary nails, and pedicle screw placement.

3D user interfaces for medical interventions

This work group aims at practical user interfaces for 3D imaging data in surgery and medical interventions. The usual monitor based visualization and mouse based interaction with 3D data will not present acceptable solutions. Here we study the use of head mounted displays and advanced interaction techniques as alternative solutions. Different issues such as depth perception in augmented reality environment and optimal data representation for a smooth and efficient integration into the surgical workflow are the focus of our research activities. Furthermore appropriate ways of interaction within the surgical environment are investigated.

Port Placement in Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Surgery

Optimal port placement is a delicate issue in minimally invasive endoscopic surgery. A good choice of the instruments' and endoscope's ports can avoid time-consuming consecutive new port placement. We present a novel method to intuitively and precisely plan the port placement. The patient is registered to its pre-operative CT by just moving the endoscope around fiducials, which are attached to the patient's thorax and are visible in its CT. Their 3D positions are automatically reconstructed. Without prior time-consuming segmentation, the pre-operative CT volume is directly rendered with respect to the endoscope or instruments. This enables the simulation of a camera flight through the patient's interior along the instruments' axes to easily validate possible ports.

Laparoscope Augmentation for Minimally Invasive Liver Resection

In recent years, an increasing number of liver tumor indications were treated by minimally invasive laparoscopic resection. Besides the restricted view, a major issue in laparoscopic liver resection is the precise localization of the vessels to be divided. To navigate the surgeon to these vessels, pre-operative imaging data can hardly be used due to intra-operative organ deformations caused by appliance of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum and respiratory motion.

Therefore, we propose to use an optically tracked mobile C-arm providing cone-beam computed tomography imaging capability intra-operatively. After patient positioning, port placement, and carbon dioxide insufflation, the liver vessels are contrasted and a 3D volume is reconstructed during patient exhalation. Without any further need for patient registration, the volume can be directly augmented on the live laparoscope video. This augmentation provides the surgeon with essential aid in the localization of veins, arteries, and bile ducts to be divided or sealed.

Current research focuses on the intra-operative use and tracking of mobile C-arms as well as laparoscopic ultrasound, augmented visualization on the laparoscope's view, and methods to synchronize respiratory motion.

Discovery and Detection of Surgical Activity in Percutaneous Vertebroplasties

In this project, we aim at discovering automatically the workflow of percutaneous vertebroplasty. The medical framework is quite different from a parallel project , where we analyze laparoscopic surgeries. Contrary to cholecystectomies where much information is provided by the surgical tools and by the endoscopic video, in vertebroplasties and kyphoplasties, we believe that the body and hand movement of the surgeon give a key insight into the surgical activity. Surgical movements like hammering of the trocar into the vertebra or the stirring of cement compounds are indicative of the current workflow phase. The objectives of this project are to acquire the workflow related signals using accelerometers, processing the raw signals and detecting recurrent patterns in order to objectively identify the low-level and high-level workflow of the procedure.

Medical Simulation Environments

The goal for the modern learner is to arrive at the bedside of a real patient with proficiency already demonstrated in the requisite skills. In this process, the most expensive and scarce resource is the experienced clinical instructor. In this area, the synergy between computer-assistance and real medical instrumentation can make invaluable contributions by enabling focused and deliberate practice to further motivate the trainee. Thus, clinical education specialists need a customizable medical simulation environment to experiment with new learning models and training regimens. To our knowledge, we have designed and evaluated the first VR simulator with the capacity to control the introduction of adverse events or complication yielding a wide spectrum of highly adjustable crisis simulation scenarios. Moreover, our design is the first that combines a VR simulator with a computerized mannequin simulator in an OR crisis simulation scenario.

BioInnovation: From clinical needs to solution concepts

MedInnovate: From unmet clinical needs to solution concepts

		Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality Lehrstuhl für Informatikanwendungen in der Medizin & Augmented Reality
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2020
	A. Martin-Gomez Evaluation of Different Visualization Techniques for Perception-Based Alignment in Medical AR 19th IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2020) (bib)
	A. Martin-Gomez, J. Fotouhi, U. Eck, N. Navab Gain A New Perspective: Towards Exploring Multi-View Alignment in Mixed Reality 19th IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2020) (bib)
	A. Martin-Gomez, A. Winkler, K. Yu, T. Roth, U. Eck, N. Navab Augmented Mirrors 19th IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2020) (bib)
	A. Winkler, U. Eck, N. Navab Spatially-Aware Displays for Computer Assisted Interventions Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Interventions (MICCAI), Lima, October 2020 (bib)
	A. Martin-Gomez, J. Fotouhi, N. Navab Towards Exploring the Benefits of Augmented Reality for Patient Support During Radiation Oncology Interventions Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization (bib)
	A. Martin-Gomez, U. Eck, J. Fotouhi, N. Navab Looking Also From Another Perspective: Exploring the Benefits of Alternative Views for Alignment Tasks 27th IEEE Virtual Reality Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, Mar 2020 (bib)
2019
	F. Bork, A. Lehner, D. Kugelmann, U. Eck, J. Waschke, N. Navab VesARlius: An Augmented Reality System for Large-Group Co-Located Anatomy Learning International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), 2019 (bib)
	F. Bork, U. Eck, N. Navab Birds vs. Fish: Visualizing Out-Of-View Objects in Augmented Reality using 3D Minimaps International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), 2019 (bib)
	A. Martin-Gomez, U. Eck, N. Navab Visualization Techniques for Precise Alignment in VR. A Comparative Study 26th IEEE Virtual Reality Conference, Osaka, Japan, Mar 2019 (bib)
2018
	F. Bork, A. Schnelzer, U. Eck, N. Navab Towards Efficient Visual Guidance in Limited Field-of-View Head-Mounted Displays IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (bib)
	S. Matinfar, A. Nasseri, U. Eck, , A. Roodaki, Navid Navab, C. Lohmann, M. Maier, N. Navab Surgical soundtracks: automatic acoustic augmentation of surgical procedures International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery. The final publication is available here (bib)
	U. Eck, T. Sielhorst Display Technologies Mixed and Augmented Reality in Medicine, CRC Press, 1st edition. 14pp, July 2018 (bib)
	U. Eck, A. Winkler Display-Technologien fuer Augmented Reality in der Medizin Der Unfallchirurg, Springer International, Volume 121, Number 4 pp. 278--285, Feb 2018 (bib)
2017
	F. Bork, R. Barmaki, U. Eck, K. Yu, C. Sandor, N. Navab Empirical Study of Non-Reversing Magic Mirrors for Augmented Reality Anatomy Learning International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), 2017 (bib)
	S. Matinfar, A. Nasseri, U. Eck, A. Roodaki, Navid Navab, C. Lohmann, M. Maier, N. Navab Surgical Soundtracks: Towards Automatic Musical Augmentation of Surgical Procedures Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Interventions (MICCAI), Quebec, Canada, September 2017. This work won the young scientist award at MICCAI 2017. The final publication is available here (bib)
	S. Andress, U. Eck, C. Becker, A. Greiner, B. Rubenbauer, C. Linhart, S. Weidert Automatic Surface Model Reconstruction to Enhance Treatment of Acetabular Fracture Surgery with 3D Printing 17TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR COMPUTER ASSISTED ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY, Aachen, Germany, pp. TBA, Jun 2017 (bib)
	F. Bork, R. Barmaki, U. Eck, P. Fallavollita, B. Fuerst, N. Navab Exploring Non-reversing Magic Mirrors for Screen-Based Augmented Reality Systems 24th IEEE Virtual Reality Conference, Los Angeles, CA, USA, pp. 373-374, Mar 2017 (bib)
2016
	Alana Da Gama, Thiago Menezes Chaves, Lucas Silva Figueiredo, Adriana Baltar, Ma Meng, N. Navab, Veronica Teichrieb, P. Fallavollita MirrARbilitation: A clinically-related gesture recognition interactive tool for an AR rehabilitation system Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine (bib)
	Xiang Wang, S. Habert, C. Schulte-zu-Berge, P. Fallavollita, N. Navab Inverse visualization concept for RGB-D augmented C-arms Computers in Biology and Medicine (bib)
	Ma Meng, Philipp Jutzi, F. Bork, Ina Seelbach, A. von der Heide, N. Navab, P. Fallavollita Interactive mixed reality for muscle structure and function learning 7th International Conference on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality (to appear), Aug 2016 The first three authors contribute equally to this paper. (bib)
	U. Eck, P. Stefan, H. Laga, C. Sandor, P. Fallavollita, N. Navab Exploring Visuo-Haptic Augmented Reality User Interfaces for Stereo-Tactic Neurosurgery Planning 7th International Conference on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality, Bern, Switzerland, pp. 208-220, Aug 2016 (bib)
	Ma Meng, P. Fallavollita, S. Habert, Simon Weider, N. Navab Device and System Independent Personal Touchless User Interface for Operating Rooms International Conference on Information Processing in Computer-Assisted Interventions (IPCAI), 2016 (bib)
	P. Fallavollita, A. Brand, L. Wang, E. Euler, P. Thaller, N. Navab, S. Weidert An augmented reality C-arm for intraoperative assessment of the mechanical axis - a preclinical study International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (bib)
	Xiang Wang, S. Habert, Ma Meng, C.-H. Huang, P. Fallavollita, N. Navab Precise 3D/2D calibration between a RGB-D sensor and a C-arm fluoroscope International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (bib)
	Ma Meng, P. Fallavollita, Ina Seelbach, A. von der Heide, E. Euler, J. Waschke, N. Navab Personalized augmented reality for anatomy education Clinical Anatomy (bib)
	P. Fallavollita, L. Wang, S. Weidert, N. Navab Augmented Reality in Orthopaedic Interventions and Education Computational Radiology for Orthopaedic Interventions, Springer International Publishing 2016 (bib)
2015
	M. Zweng, P. Fallavollita, S. Demirci, M. Kowarschik, N. Navab, D. Mateus Automatic Guide-Wire Detection for Neurointerventions Using Low-Rank Sparse Matrix Decomposition and Denoising MICCAI 2015 Workshop on Augmented Environments for Computer-Assisted Interventions (bib)
	Hagen Kaiser, P. Fallavollita, N. Navab Real-Time Markerless Respiratory Motion Management Using Thermal Sensor Data MICCAI 2015 Workshop on Augmented Environments for Computer-Assisted Interventions (bib)
	Hagen Kaiser, P. Fallavollita, N. Navab 'On the Fly' Reconstruction and Tracking System for Patient Setup in Radiation Therapy MICCAI 2015 Workshop on Augmented Environments for Computer-Assisted Interventions (bib)
	R. Londei, M. Esposito, B. Diotte, S. Weidert, E. Euler, P. Thaller, N. Navab, P. Fallavollita Intra-operative augmented reality in distal locking The International Journal for Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (IJCARS) (bib)
	Xiang Wang, S. Habert, Ma Meng, C.-H. Huang, P. Fallavollita, N. Navab RGB-D/C-arm Calibration and Application in Medical Augmented Reality International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), 2015 (bib)
	Ma Meng, , P. Fallavollita, N. Navab Natural user interface for ambient objects International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), 2015 (bib)
	N. Leucht, S. Habert, P. Wucherer, S. Weidert, N. Navab, P. Fallavollita Augmented Reality for Radiation Awareness International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), 2015 (bib)
	S. Habert, Ma Meng, W. Kehl, Xiang Wang, F. Tombari, P. Fallavollita, N. Navab Augmenting mobile C-arm fluoroscopes via Stereo-RGBD sensors for multimodal visualization International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), 2015 (bib)

THIS WEBPAGE IS DEPRECATED - please visit our new website